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+{ stdenv
+, lib
+, fetchurl
+, makeWrapper
+, readline
+, gmp
+, pari
+, zlib
+# one of
+# - "minimal" (~400M):
+#     Install the bare minimum of packages required by gap to start.
+#     This is likely to break a lot of stuff. Do not expect upstream support with
+#     this configuration.
+# - "standard" (~700M):
+#     Install the "standard packages" which gap autoloads by default. These
+#     packages are effectively considered a part of gap.
+# - "full" (~1.7G):
+#     Install all available packages. This takes a lot of space.
+, packageSet ? "standard"
+# Kept for backwards compatibility. Overrides packageSet to "full".
+, keepAllPackages ? false
+}:
+let
+  # packages absolutely required for gap to start
+  # `*` represents the version where applicable
+  requiredPackages = [
+    "gapdoc"
+    "primgrp"
+    "smallgrp"
+    "transgrp"
+  ];
+  # packages autoloaded by default if available, and their dependencies
+  autoloadedPackages = [
+    "atlasrep"
+    "autpgrp"
+    "alnuth"
+    "crisp"
+    "ctbllib"
+    "factint"
+    "fga"
+    "irredsol"
+    "laguna"
+    "polenta"
+    "polycyclic"
+    "resclasses"
+    "sophus"
+    "tomlib"
+    "autodoc"  # dependency of atlasrep
+    "io"       # used by atlasrep to fetch data from online sources
+    "radiroot" # dependency of polenta
+    "utils"    # dependency of atlasrep
+  ];
+  keepAll = keepAllPackages || (packageSet == "full");
+  packagesToKeep = requiredPackages ++ lib.optionals (packageSet == "standard") autoloadedPackages;
+
+  # Generate bash script that removes all packages from the `pkg` subdirectory
+  # that are not on the whitelist. The whitelist consists of strings expected by
+  # `find`'s `-name`.
+  removeNonWhitelistedPkgs = whitelist: ''
+    find pkg -type d -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1 \
+  '' + (lib.concatStringsSep "\n" (map (str: "-not -name '${str}' \\") whitelist)) + ''
+    -exec echo "Removing package {}" \; \
+    -exec rm -r '{}' \;
+  '';
+in
+stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
+  pname = "gap";
+  # https://www.gap-system.org/Releases/
+  version = "4.12.2";
+
+  src = fetchurl {
+    url = "https://github.com/gap-system/gap/releases/download/v${version}/gap-${version}.tar.gz";
+    sha256 = "sha256-ZyMIdF63iiIklO6N1nhu3VvDMUVvzGRWrAZL2yjVh6g=";
+  };
+
+  # remove all non-essential packages (which take up a lot of space)
+  preConfigure = lib.optionalString (!keepAll) (removeNonWhitelistedPkgs packagesToKeep) + ''
+    patchShebangs .
+  '';
+
+  buildInputs = [
+    readline
+    gmp
+    zlib
+  ];
+
+  nativeBuildInputs = [
+    makeWrapper
+  ];
+
+  propagatedBuildInputs = [
+    pari # used at runtime by the alnuth package
+  ];
+
+  # "teststandard" is a superset of the tests run by "check". it takes ~20min
+  # instead of ~1min. tests are run twice, once with all packages loaded and
+  # once without.
+  # installCheckTarget = "teststandard";
+
+  doInstallCheck = true;
+  installCheckTarget = "check";
+
+  preInstallCheck = ''
+    # gap tests check that the home directory exists
+    export HOME="$TMP/gap-home"
+    mkdir -p "$HOME"
+
+    # make sure gap is in PATH
+    export PATH="$out/bin:$PATH"
+
+    # make sure we don't accidentally use the wrong gap binary
+    rm -r bin
+
+    # like the defaults the Makefile, but use gap from PATH instead of the
+    # one from builddir
+    installCheckFlagsArray+=(
+      "TESTGAPcore=gap --quitonbreak -b -q -r"
+      "TESTGAPauto=gap --quitonbreak -b -q -r -m 100m -o 1g -x 80"
+      "TESTGAP=gap --quitonbreak -b -q -r -m 100m -o 1g -x 80 -A"
+    )
+  '';
+
+  postBuild = ''
+    pushd pkg
+    # failures are ignored unless --strict is set
+    bash ../bin/BuildPackages.sh ${lib.optionalString (!keepAll) "--strict"}
+    popd
+  '';
+
+  postInstall = ''
+    # make install creates an empty pkg dir. since we run "make check" on
+    # installCheckPhase to make sure the installed GAP finds its libraries, we
+    # also install the tst dir. this is probably excessively cautious, see
+    # https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/192548#discussion_r992824942
+    rm -r "$out/share/gap/pkg"
+    cp -ar pkg tst "$out/share/gap"
+  '';
+
+  preFixup = ''
+    # patchelf won't strip references to the build dir if it still exists
+    rm -rf pkg
+  '';
+
+  meta = with lib; {
+    description = "Computational discrete algebra system";
+    # We are also grateful to ChrisJefferson for previous work on the package,
+    # and to ChrisJefferson and fingolfin for help with GAP-related questions
+    # from the upstream point of view.
+    maintainers = teams.sage.members;
+    platforms = platforms.all;
+    # keeping all packages increases the package size considerably, which is
+    # why a local build is preferable in that situation. The timeframe is
+    # reasonable and that way the binary cache doesn't get overloaded.
+    hydraPlatforms = lib.optionals (!keepAllPackages) meta.platforms;
+    license = licenses.gpl2;
+    homepage = "https://www.gap-system.org";
+  };
+}